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Which of the following factors is critical to diagnose before performing hair care services?

  1. Scalp disorders

  2. Latest hairstyle trends

  3. Individual styling preferences

  4. Product brands used

The correct answer is: Scalp disorders

Diagnosing scalp disorders is essential before performing hair care services because the health of the scalp directly affects the overall well-being of the hair. Various scalp conditions, such as dandruff, psoriasis, or fungal infections, can impact the type of products and services that are safe and effective for a client. Identifying these disorders ensures that the cosmetologist can provide appropriate treatments and avoid exacerbating any existing issues. Moreover, certain conditions may require referral to a medical professional rather than salon treatment, highlighting the importance of this diagnosis in protecting the client's health and ensuring successful outcomes. In contrast, understanding the latest hairstyle trends, individual styling preferences, or the types of product brands a client uses might be valuable for service delivery but do not address any underlying scalp issues that could complicate hair care services. The primary focus should always be on the client's scalp health to ensure safe and effective service.