PSI Cosmetology Practice Exam

Which of the following is a device that uses steam to sterilize equipment and deactivate bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores?

1. Incubator

2. Ultrasonic cleaner

3. Autoclave

4. Dry heat sterilizer

The correct answer is: Autoclave

The correct answer is a device known as an autoclave. An autoclave operates by using steam under pressure to achieve high temperatures that effectively kill off bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores, which is essential for ensuring that equipment is thoroughly sterilized before use in cosmetology settings. Autoclaves work by creating a moist environment that heats instruments rapidly while trapping steam under high pressure. This method is more effective than other sterilization techniques for ensuring that all forms of microorganisms are destroyed. The combination of heat and moisture enhances the penetration of the steam, making it efficient at eliminating even the most resilient spores. In contrast, an incubator maintains a stable environment for growing cultures, while an ultrasonic cleaner uses high-frequency sound waves in a liquid solution to clean instruments, but not necessarily to sterilize them. A dry heat sterilizer utilizes high temperatures without moisture and is generally less effective than steam sterilization for killing certain types of organisms, particularly spores. Hence, the autoclave stands out as the most suitable device for achieving comprehensive sterilization in a cosmetic or medical setting.